In Envy, with his utterly strange and al closely despicable main character, Olesha seems to be scathingly criticizing the Soviet establishment of values, ideals, and government. He juxtaposes Babichev the Communist with Kavalerov the Capitalist. Babichev is pie-eyed and successful in a way that Kavalerov envies, wishing that the system were different so that he, too, could rise to the top, but through his admit respective(prenominal)ity--but, as he realizes, with Communism theres no way for an individual to achieve success...I want to demonstrate the force of my own personality. I want my own glory....And now Im told: Not even the most remarkable personality, let alone yours, is worth anything (267).
Though Olesha himself was a undeviating supporter of Communism during the time of the Revolution, his utilization of the anti-Communist character Kavalerov and his in a higher place speech seems to be a criticism of the system on Oleshas own part. And while as a reader I pity Kavalerov for being trapped in this Communist cage, it seems as though Olesha is denouncing Capitalism at the same time by portraying his character as so unlikable.
On the one hand, we find the Communists, such as Babichev, who go on off as pompous, arrogant, uncaring, and funnily cold. On the other hand, we have the Capitalists, such as Kavalerov and Ivan Babichev, who come off as weak, pathetic, and miserable failures. While this is also a psychological study of personalities such as these, it seems that Olesha has become disillusioned with the Soviet government, and is using these undesirable characters to convey the flaws and failures of both study systems.
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