Review of Osteochondritis Dessicans in Horses

1 Introduction

Developmental Orthopaedic Disease (DOD) of materialization, growing horses includes any racket in changing the cartilaginous precursor of the skeleton to running(a) bone (Anderson, 1996). One of the diseases included under this general precondition is Osteochondritis Dessicans (OCD) where a flap develops from the articular gristle due to visitation of cartilage to be properly converted into bone. It usually only affects young horses in any weight bearing fit of the body. OCD was first described in the horse in the femoropatellar enounce (stifle joint), which is one of the most common sites of the disease although it may materialize in several different joints at the same time.

2 Development

In young growing horses, skeletal bones initially develop from cartilage, showtime in the foetus and continuing after birth through to maturity. During development, two growth plates develop at each closing of the long bones. The pineal gland faces the joint, and the metaphysis faces the shaft of the bone and together are called the physis (Anderson, 1996). As the horse grows, there are several stages of familiar cartilage and bone formation.



Normal endochondral ossification (the conversion of cartilage to bone near the joint) involves the following go: chondrocyte (cartilage cell) proliferation, maturation and growth, followed by chondrocyte degeneration, death and calcification, vascular invasion, and finally, bone formation and remodelling (Briggs, 1997). As these steps occur, nutrients are provided by two sources, diffusion through the cartilage from the synovial fluid (fluid in the joint) and from the capillaries that are located in the existing bone (Anderson, 1996).

In Osteochondrosis (a precursor to OCD), the cartilage is not replaced by bone in the normal manner. In affected areas, the cartilage might instead thicken and project into the bone of the epiphysis or the diaphysis. The thickening of the cartilage layer can attempt some...

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