An Overview Of Violence In Stadiums

An Overview Of Violence In troughsAs mentioned before, at that place is a long history with fierceness inside football game game game and inside football stadiums. The first reports of strength go back to 1660, where the there where the first attempts to control the sport in England and Scotland, where prominently ineffective and bans were issued (Dunning 1986). end-to-end the seventeenth-century we find reports of several hundred football players and fans destroying drainage and causing mayhem in the town and by the eighteenth-century, the game took on a more everywheret political significance (Marples 1954). exclusively the first reports of real malicious mischief came from the 1960s where 25 incidents of disorderly behaviour by spectators per season where report to the FA (Football Association England). According to the Chester report of 1966, incidences of football forcefulness doubled in the first five historic period of the 1960s compared to the previous 25 years (Carnibella 1996).So from then supporter violence became a large problem, only it escalated during the 80s. They began to form organized groups that became the hooligans of that club.Members of such groups e.g. of the self-styled Inter City self-coloured at West Ham, the Service Crew at Leeds, and the comparable groups at clubs like Newcastle United and Chelsea often support extreme right wing, racist organizations such as the British Movement and the National Front. They have as well developed quite sophisticated forms of organization and become nationally known. unrivaled of their main distinguishing marks is the fact that they do non travel to matches on football specials and official heapes but tend, instead, to use regular rail and coach services or cars and hired vans. They in like manner eschew the forms of dress the scarves and favours (and alike the club banners) that still tend to be widely associated with football malicious mischief in popular opinion. One of t heir main objectives in attending matches is to await and stir up opposing fans and to take their end (Dunning 2009).They tried to prevent and predict this problem by increasing the measures inside the stadium. The visiting (or away) fans were invariably herded into reasonableness via separate turnstiles and into areas where they were segregated from the home support. These isolationist operations were often emphasized by a line of police officers separating the home and away fans in a sort of no mans land and by the spicy metallic divisor fences which surrounded these fan pens, an attempt to prevent fans from spilling onto the football pitch itself. The police have also been commonly used at the turnstile. Traditionally, this has been a law-enforcement role, with the accent mark on preventing illegal entry into the ground, enforcing exclusion orders and searching supporters for weapons and former(a) require articles. (P. Harrison, 1974)Unfortunately this didnt prevent all the violence. The most notoriously violence initiated by position football hooligans was in Heysel stadium in Belgium in 1985 resulted in chaos and death of 39 persons. But it was not only with English football supporters. A lot of countries had these serious crowd violence and also in Argentina (1986, 74 death), Brazil(1982, 3 death) , Colombia(1982, 22 death), Peru (1964, 278 death), and USSR (1982, 69 death) where this large violence escalations (Williams et al. 1989). These are just a few examples of the big violence problems in football that consumeed to death.It is really only after 1985 (after the Heysel Stadium tragedy) that a concerted effort has been made to establish cross-border cooperation in europium between both police forces and football authorities to combat football malicious mischief. The impact of the Heysel Stadium tragedy was such that three major European bodies addressed the issue of football violence. Firstly, the Council of Europe adopted the European c onventionality on Spectator Violence and misbehaviour at Sports Events, which proposed that measures should be interpreted to prevent and punish violent behaviour in sport. Secondly, the European Council called on all member countries to deal with violence in and around sports stadia and, finally, The European Parliament proposed a number of different measures to combat football hooliganism (Carnibella 1996).The final report was published in January 1990 and included praise from skipper Taylor regarding the response of clubs to the recommendations contained within the Interim report. The report emphasised the lack of talk between the fans and the football authorities, criticising, in particular, the lack of facilities for supporters at football evidence and the poor condition of football grounds. In total, the final report contained 76 recommendations, of which the main ones wereThese measures that were taken by the governments let to a decrease of violence inside the stadiums. In Italy the incidents related to league matches in Serie A and B decreased from 73 incidents in 686 matches (10,6%) in 1990-91 to 23 incidents in 686 matches (3,6%) in 1997-98 (Stadio/Corriere dello Sport).But did these decreases in violence in stadium and related to the football matches lead to a decrease in football hooliganism?The decreases in the number of incidents in Italy lead to the questions whether the hooliganism in football was declining. But Roversi noted that the real fall in violent incidents should not lead us to underestimate a monger of the incidents towards the minor football divisions and the high amount of violence occurring in stadiums in South Italy. Most importantly, we must not undervalue what appears as a brand new element in these last years, namely the very large number of incidents involving ultras (Italian hooligans) and police. The interview is not to episodes where the police intervene in order to prevent the fight between two rival factions, but to the direct fights between ultras and the police. between February 1995 and the present day, there have been 28 such incidents out of a total of 82 recorded for the two top divisions alone. In other words, relations between ultras and police have notably worsened over the last few years (Roversi 2000).These shift to lower league games was not the only shift that occurred in Italy. A significant increase in violence outside the stadium, including pitched battles between rival groups of fans in the streets .ambushes. at railway stations, in car parks and bus-terminals acts of petty theft and vandalism and frequent clashes with the police (Carnibella,1996).But not only in Italy has this shift of the incidents seemed to occur. Also in England there was is a large problem with violence in other places. The measures from the FA (English Football Association) and the governments apparatuses of social control have contributed greatly to a fundamental spatial realignment of football hoolig anism as the phenomenon has stepwise moved from the central, core place (the football ground) towards more peripheral settings. In its most instrumental manifestation, fanviolence may be relocate to the purely functional, non-places of our supermodern societies, that have no symbolic relationship to the specific football games or the teams that contest them (Auge 1997).

Sports Tourism in Cyprus Business Proposal

chromosomal mutations touristry in Cyprus Business ProposalThis report leave alone show the importance of the inward turn holidaymakerry for Cyprus and develop a business proposal for the sport resolution which will attract more tourists, strengthen sport tourism on the island.Cyprus is unique destination for tourists from wholly over the introduction. The island has great advantages for visitors much(prenominal) as sun, sea, fine weather conditions, services, hospitality and professionalism of staff. Tourist Arrivals in Cyprus change magnitude to 357194 in October from 421201 in September of 2016. Tourist Arrivals in Cyprus averaged 190802.91 from 1990 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 482132.00 in July of 2016 and a record low of 16748.00 in February 1991 (Tradingeconomics.com, 2017) .Cyprus also has great potential for learning sport tourism. According CTO Sport tourism is almost valuable assets when it comes to alternative forms of tourism.The constant fall of arrivals and tourist revenues during the last decade (Cyprus Tourism Organisation-CTO, 2010) that resulted in the decrease of the islands competitiveness as a destination (Boukas and Ziakas, 2012), made the Cypriot tourism form _or_ system of government-makers to justly pass on golf game tourism as a means to counterbalance the ostracize climate and the serious chronic problems of the islands tourism (i.e., seasonality, low service quality, plentitude tourism) (Archontides, 2007). Hence, the Strategic computer programme for Tourism 2000-2010 and 18 its second version, the Strategic Plan for Tourism 2003-2010 prep atomic number 18d by CTO, put emphasis on the developing of a f are of golf courses as major tourism understructure projects in club to help enrich the image of the islands tourist crossing (CTO, 2000 CTO, 2005 CTO 2010). Even though the value of golf for Cyprus tourism was recognized since 1993, serious interest for golf by the tourism policy was noned dur ing the graduation exercise of the new century (Boukas et al., 2012). In 2003 the government granted permission for the look of eleven more golf courses on the island (added to the already three end golf courses until then) for the enrichment of the tourism product and in harmony with the synchronized study of property and tourism (Archontides, 2007). Finally, in 2009 the Council of Ministers refined the golf courses policy in Cyprus the final number of golf courses was determined to fourteen and given to the prohibitionist climate of the island and the water shortage problems, each golf course should not practice water from the public tanks and draining system but should use individual desalination plants that would produce the amounts of water needed for brinytaining golf achievement via renewable means (Ministry of Finance, 2009). Until today, five golf courses operate on the island, most of them located in Paphos and are accompanied by other types of victimisation much( prenominal) as real estate and hospitality units.Event inter discipline golf Tournament, 3 days event to introduce Cyprus as golf destination to international tour operators from Austria, France, Finland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Holland, Germany, Sweden, Lithuania, UK and Switzerland. Golf tourists will be primary sport tourists where will be reckond participants and learning participants( beginners). To complete in the event guests will need specific resources and facilities, collecting daubs, constantlylastingly affluent independent and golf for them is like lifestyle appeal.Mission avowal Also the master(prenominal) purpose of this event is to attract tourists from unalike countries to recruit or to support their favorite team.Aims The main aim to present Cyprus as a golf destination during the winter season and holidays period. The event will happen in order to increase more sport tourists to Cyprus.Objectives wound ( Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Ti me- Bound)With one purpose to generate sustainable growth of golf tourismDifferent tourists coming for business purposes and thereby they represent and secure the keen-sighted term interest of the golf tourismThe primary objectives of the CGF are to promote, dole out and encourage amateur golf in Cyprus.Organisational ProfileMapsThe events physical layout and the resources needfulAll Year Round Golf at Aphrodite Hills, the first ever leisure and golf development of its kind in Cyprus, Aphrodite Hills Golf resort hotel is home to a magnificent 18-hole championship golf course, dedicated 3-hole Golf Academy and magnificent Clubhouse, knowing for golfers of all standards and ages. Spreading out over 6,289 metres and overfacial expression the site where Aphrodite, the goddess of love, is said to have emerged from the sea, our golf course is really a unique location in which to test your skills with friends.The award-winning golf course was officially opened in 2002 and was designe d by the acclaimed architect, Cabell Robinson. Robinson has designed Aphrodite Hills to be the perfect mix of challenging pot bunkers, manicured fair tracks of lush Bermuda defecate and generous tiered greens.Visually spectacular, the course expands through indigenous chromatic and carob trees and is built on deuce plateaux, separated by a striking ravine with outstanding views over the Mediterranean. And the staggering 130 metre overgorge dividing tees at the 7th hole is an enticing challenge for all lovers of this scenic game.Format The luxurious 234-hectare Resort which is located 15 km from Paphos regularise and magnificently positioned on two plateaux divided by a dramatic ravine and commands breath-taking sea views of the legendary birthplace of Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love.Aphrodite Hills is home to a number of integrated facilities, again for the pleasure and use of all guests to the Resort. Facilities include the surpassing and visually spectacular 18-hole ch ampionship-standard Golf Course, with 3-hole Golf Academy that caters for all ages and abilities. A team of resident PGA-qualified Golf Professionals pull up stakes valuable tuition. A ride range, pitching and chipping green, an impressive Golf Clubhouse, Lounge and Pro fink complete the outstanding world-class golf facilities.Timing The date of this clean-living event in Cyprus will be running during winter on 25th of December at 1000. The average of people evaluate to participate from abroad is approximately 30 peopleStakeholders Tour operators specialising in all in golf, or with a golf department, range in surface from small companies, some handling only 250 golfers a year, to mass-market tour operators such as TUI, Thomas Cook and Hana Tour, each of which has a sports or golf division. More than half of the sales of small golf tour operators are non-golf, but the percentage of golf sales increases with the size of company. Or looking at this another way, the larger gol f tour operators (excluding the mass-market operators) focus entirely or predominantly on golf.Gantt chartMarketing and forward motionThe main objective of the CTO is the organization and promotion of tourism in the Republic by making full use of all existing possibilities. An effective promotion requires a delicate balance between giving your earshot what it wants and persuade them of whatever it is you want whether to bargain for your product, order a service, or cling an event. If youre selling golf products, however, your job is much easier. Rather than convince your audience they need your club, bag, or shirts, you are simply presenting an already interested promote with intimacys they likely already buy. First way of advertisement is online advertising heading straight to the World Wide Web to catch your customers may come along like an obvious scheme, but its one you dont want to miss the virtuous numbers of potential consumers online make the Internet a massive world of opportunity. Second way is golf infomercials. They show your audience exactly how they canister benefit from your product. A golf infomercial is an excellent way to provide a captivating and informative visual explanation as to wherefore your product is better than the rest. Third is a Live demonstrations These can be performed at any number of golfing events, conventions, and merchandise exhibitions. The advantage of a live demonstration is similar to that of an infomercial letting people experience the unique benefits of your product -while taking it to the next level of advertising by putting your product literally in front of the consumer. And the last way is Print ads advertising in magazines or newspapers is a classic, time-tested strategy for reaching your desired population of golf enthusiasts. Whether placing an ad in a monthly golf publication or the sports section of the local newspaper, you are marketing to a select group who is already inclined to buy you r products.Is it financial viable? It is very historic to have financial opportunities of service, and a good relationship with the public sector, such as national, state / provincial, regional and local authorities. This will help tourism, ensure the safety of tourists (and the safety of the event itself), sustainability, financial assistance and much more. And also very important to defend contact with the specialized agencies, which provide sports tourism policy at the national level (different types of Director) and provide funding, technical support, etc. The most important thing is to provide sports facilities at the local level tourist port companies. For such an event, the dancers need a place to speak (stage closed / open), a place for training, opportunity (musical, technical, water, light) . Another one of the main points is the administration and policy. It is very important to have good and strong relationship with them, as they solve daedal and intertwined problems frequently encountered attitude sports tourism in our increasingly globalized world. Often organizers face with the transfer date of the event (weather conditions, etc.), and in this situation they refer to policy and managementWhat are the risks? (Risk management, operational risks, marketing risks, financial risks) This section shows the projects betimes understanding of risk. Naturally, the project size and complexity will be the main drivers of this activity. The objective at this stage is to identify the risk response development that you want to formally build into the project execution processes. In order to do so, the project team must identify and quantify the risks as normal. In the quantification step, it is important to develop common probability and severity criteria so that all risks can be objectively evaluated to the extent possible. Event has two important phases. It is design and planning.Initiation gets a project charter that minimally contains a description o f the business need, the desired deliverables, and a formal approving to proceed by appropriate management. They must to inform the people from different countries about the event (from internet, TV, blackboard ).Planning creates an integrated plan outlining in great detail the var- ious projected aspects of the proposed effort. Articles in this section will deal with these composition areas in more detail. A major point in this chapter is that the initiation process and its related planning activities are fundamental activities that should not be shorted to save time.The social, environmental and economic impact On the one hand, there is evidence that golf has adopted organizational citizenship practices and become an environmentally accessible sport (Husin et al., 2012 Limehouse et al., 2010). On the other hand, it is argued that the growth of golf tourism engenders substantial risks to the sustainable development of destinations, and hence, raises serious controversies in lo cal communities between proponents of golfs skilful effects on tourism and economy and opponents who call attention to the inauspicious environmental, economic and socio-cultural impacts of golf (Boukas et al. 2012 Briassoulis, 2007, 2010, 2011 Davis and Morais, 2004 Neo, 2010 Palmer, 2004 Perkins et al., 2010 Wheeler and Nauright, 2006)In conclusion, it is very hard to create an event. Everything must to much each other the weather, people, date of event, time, place, hotel, transportations, tourist, stakeholders, budget. You should plan an arouse event in order managers, sponsors and stakeholders liked it .ReferencesAnon, (2017). online gettable at http//cyprus-mail.com/2015/11/22/golfing-touristors-last-year/ Accessed 4 Jan. 2017.Anon, (2017). online Available at http//tgaproductions.com/golf-infomercial.html Accessed 6 Jan. 2017.Anon, (2017). online Available at https//core.ac.uk/download/pdf/29018459.pdf Accessed 6 Jan. 2017.Aphroditehills.com. (2017). About Aphrodite Hills Resort, Cyprus. online Available at http//www.aphroditehills.com/Aphrodite-hills/resort/ Accessed 6 Jan. 2017.Boukas, N., Boustras, G. and Sinka, A. (2012) Golf tourism in Cyprus, in Mufakkir, O. and Burns, P.M. (Eds.), Controversies in Tourism, CABI, Oxfordshire, pp. 144-159.Cgf.org.cy. (2017). Cyprus Golf alliance CYPRUS GOLF FEDERATION NICOSIA CYPRUS. online Available at https//www.cgf.org.cy/about-cgf Accessed 5 Jan. 2017.Cyprus Mail. (2017). Sports seen as way to boost tourism Cyprus Mail. online Available at http//cyprus-mail.com/2014/02/12/sports-seen-as-way-to-boost-tourism/ Accessed 4 Jan. 2017.Cyprus Tourism Organisation CTO (2000) Strategic Plan for Tourism 2000-2010. Available at http//www.visitcyprus.com/media/b2b_en/Strategic_Plan/STRATEGIC_PLAN_ FOR_TOURISM_2000_2010.pdf (Accessed 26 July 2011). 40Cyprus Tourism Organisation CTO (2011) Cyprus Tourism in Figures 2010, Cyprus Tourism Organisation, Nicosia.Cyprus Tourism Organisation CTP (2005) Annual Report 200 5. Available at http//media.visitcyprus.com/media/b2b_en/CTOAnnualReports/Annual_Report_ 2005.pdf (Accessed 26 July 2011). Cyprus Tourism Organisation CTO (2010) Strategic Plan for Tourism Development 2003-2010. Available at http//www.visitcyprus.com/media/b2b_en/Strategic_Plan/Stategic_Plan_for_tour ism_development_2003-2010.pdf (Accessed 26 July 2011).Husin, S., Chelladurai, P. and Musa, G. (2012) HRM practices, organizational citizenship behaviors, and perceived service quality in golf courses, Journal of Sport Management, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 143-158.Tradingeconomics.com. (2017). Cyprus Tourist Arrivals 1990-2017 Data graph Calendar Forecast. online Available at http//www.tradingeconomics.com/cyprus/tourist-arrivals Accessed 4 Jan. 2017.

Teaching Listening Skills In The Classroom English Language Essay

instruct earreach Skills In The Classroom side verbiage actIntroductionBeca give of requiring quality for breeding students, especially training audience skills in the classroom, assorted schools, colleges, and universities earn tried to look for profound strategies (Teaching perceive skills), for this electron orbit is the most complicated to teach students, and therefore this issue has come uped into a good subject for teachers and those institutions to be c erstwhilerned slightly. On the other hand, these concerns atomic number 18 dealt with numerous books and journal articles with new strategies for dogma auditory sense skills in the classroom these days. In online domaination date 29 July 2010 article written by Dorothy R. and Sid T. enunciates Most teachers be aw be that students auditory sense skills argon non what they once were. Our classrooms be filled with students who all do not listen or listen with their ears b arely not with their brains. (Dor othy R. Sid T. (2010, july 29). 56, 310-311). Instead, umpteen to a greater extent authors or writers in numerous books and journal articles mass respond to this issue without any hesitation.In order to answer this issue, authors and other teachers assert that copious strategies in massive books and articles are much better than only unrivaledness.Penny contends that in principle, the objective of earshot cognizance in the classroom is that students should learn to part successfully in real-life sense of hearing is(Penny 1996, p 105).Moreover, a statement states that there is no one way of doing a earreach skills lesson- it depends on such(prenominal) factors as the aim, the school text type, the level of the students, etc.(Roger, Diane, Steve 1983, p89).Hence, studies of the strategies for teaching auditory sense skills in the classroom according to unlike references- some(prenominal) books and journal articles- embrace a variety of techniques and strategies. I, howeve r, now draw in one of those to outline this. Depending on the journal article written by Dorothy R. and Sid T., it reveals that there are several(prenominal) ways of teaching hearing skills in the classroom trenchantly (Dorothy R. Sid T. (2010, july 29). 56, 310-311). First, Call attention to careful perceive ordain heighten childrens awareness of the importance of the skill. An oral check of student responses get out call immediate attention to errors and eliminate paper checking for the teachers. Second, Taped selections hind end be played to students, followed by questions about their content. Questions that encourage beneficial sense of hearing skills include those that ask about cause and effect, sequence, main ideas, terminology, drawing conclusion, and the label of the main characters. In addition, Mrs. King a third-grade teacher in the Huntsville, Texas public school system st humanistic discipline the school year by telling the students that her really quiet voi ce is her teaching voice. She does not yell, and she insists on politeness verbalise only with permission and not talking when others are speaking. As a result of this and other techniques, the noise level in her classroom is perpetually low. Finally, exercises in careful auditory sense habits are being learned by our television- oriented young people (Dorothy R. King (2010, july 29). 56, 310-311). These diverse approaches have been use to peruse good strategies for teaching listening skills in the classroom, and how much the students visualize those. This proof is shown that most of the students in listening class demand many strategies for improving their listening skills.Only studies, nevertheless, of Dorothy R. Sid T. are not sufficient for teaching listening skills in the classroom, for one skill requires a variety of strategies or techniques in order that instructors are convenient to impart knowledge to students effectively. Therefore, Roger, Diane, and Steve state that there is no one way of doing a listening skills lesson it depends on such factors as the aim, the text type, and the level of the students, etc.( Roger, Diane, and Steve 1983).Besides, the shortage of searching more information think to the strategies for teaching listening skills in the classroom is worrisome because it is advantageous to our skills (Teaching as career). Not only do you believe in one authors documents, only if you in any case try to search the work of arts of others in order to have new ideas or techniques to teach the students both effectively and successfully.In conclusion, this convey attempted to donate the knowledge derriere related to teaching listening skills by probing as many strategies for teaching listening skills in the classroom as possible to control sure that students are contented to accept those effectively. In order to collar this investigate clearly, you are asked a few questions as follows1. What are the strategies for teaching list ening skills in the classroom?2. With what benefits do they provide you?3. How do these strategies respond to the students in the classroom and the real world?Annotated Bibliography1. King, D. R Womack, S. T. (2010, july 29). Strategies for Teaching Listening Skills.The Clearing House A Journal Of Education Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 56, 310-311.Dorothy R and Sid T., in this journal article, show off teachers difficulty in teaching students listening skills because theirs are not what they once were, and the classrooms are filled with the students who do not pay attention to teachers explanation (Teaching listening skills). When listening, they use only their ears but not the brains. Therefore, the purpose of this article is focused on several strategies which can serve up teachers teach listening skills in the classroom successfully. Even though this article is not the most perfect one, it can provide good methods for dealing with this issue and my inquiry, especially the st rategies for teaching listening skills in the classroom, and then this rotating shaft is used to conduct the next one in frequent classes. Finally it is too able to help me to apply all the strategies in my study in order to alter the skills as teacher of slope in the future.2. Scrivener, J. (1994). Tearning Teaching. Great Britain MacmillanJim, in this book, offers several procedures and strategies that can help students better their listening skills, such as task-based listening, the task feedback circle, how we listen, and listening ideas, which are effective to upgrade students listening skills in the classroom also, it is really significant to the study because this research (Teaching listening skills in the classroom) is applied to the real world. This book also provides a great deal of information related to teaching listening skills for research, limitedly the key points. Moreover these strategies can help many researchers and learners work more methods to conduct ne xt research effectively. Last of all, they do care me to use the key concepts of these strategies in my study successfully, and I also have a good opportunity to upgrade my knowledge teaching as career.3. Ellis, R. (2003). Task-based Language Learning and Teaching. China Oxford University Press.In this book (tasks, listening comprehension SLA), Rod shows that this chapter based on listening tasks has contributed to theory (as it concerns both listening and vocabulary acquisition), research methodology, and phrase pedagogy. These three key terms are really crucial to the research related to teaching listening skills for deterrent example, faculty member listening task research has shown that when learners lack relevant schemata their ability to blast flyers and comprehend a lecture suffers. Thus Rod offers a promise tool for investigating the micro processes involved in comprehending and language acquisition. These strategies are very much valuable for the study since it no t only focuses on the classroom teaching but also concentrates on learners in general, and this task too is very multipurpose to my study because it is the guideline to achieve either the next new research or the teaching listening skills in the classroom.4. Ur, P. (1996). A Course in Language Teaching. Great Britain CambridgeUniversity PressPenny, in this book (Chapter 8 Teaching listening, Unit one), teaches about Real-life listening in the classroom. In the unit, he indicates three main steps to teach listening skills, such as Guidelines, Practical classroom application, and Implementing the guidelines some specific applicatory implications. These key points are very essential, for they can make teaching listening in the classroom effective and beneficial. furthermore it is able to provide a lot of information and new strategies to my study, which relates to the teaching listening research. Therefore this research can be applied not only in my classroom but also in the real w orld.5. Pearse, E. Davies, P. (2000). Success in English Teaching. New York, Hong Kong Oxford University Press.In this book, Paul and Eric provide the strategies for teaching listening skills that is, the strategies mostly recommended are pre-listening, while-listening, and post-listening, which are absolutely useful to draw students attention on teaching listening class effectively. In addition this book classifies listening text in terms of learner control and some more activities that can help both teachers and learners achieve the objectives during their processes. All the strategies can be applied to all teaching listening classrooms not only one class as they are absolutely practical to all learners, in particular they are very crucial to my research study, for my topic is related to this area, and it can assist me to apply the strategies in the real classroom teaching.6. Gower, R., Phillips, D., Walters, S. (1983). Teaching Practice Handbook. China Macmillian,Heinemann. Roger, Diane, and Steve, in this book, raise good strategies related to the skills how to improve students listening skills, which help the students find it easier to embrace this area. In addition they avow that there is no one way of doing listening skills lesson it depends on such factors as the aim, the text type, and the level of the students, etc. and they also give the example involving in guidelines on one way of conducting a listening skills lesson which is divide into three sections before listening, first listening, and second listening i.e. all these are included with its feedback too. These strategies are applied to use classroom teaching, in particular these key points used to do the survey on students understanding of listening skills effectively. They leave behind also help me to conduct the authentic research on my field- teaching as career successfully.7. Hedge, T. (2000). Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom. China Oxford University Press.In thi s book, Tricia tells a lot about the strategies related to teaching listening skills in the classroom. First he talks about the portion of listening in the ELT curriculum, such as pre-listening task and listening note taking, which can be assumed that listening ability will develop automatically through exposure to the language and through practice of grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. succeeding(a) he shows what we know about listening process bottom-up processes and top-down processes in listening, which can be applied with real knowledge of learners. Furthermore he also indicates the purpose of listening i.e. it refers to conversation of a ain kind in which the listening is reciprocal or participatory and so on, especially designing listening activities for the classroom, which is really vital to the academic course because I need this for my teaching listening classroom. All these key strategies will make my research study more and more advanced as teacher of English. 8. Peterson, P. W. Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language. (M. C. Murcia, Ed.)the USA.Pat W., in this book, indicates a few prompts related to the strategies for listening skills. First he shows the types of strategies specific to listening comprehension, such as categories of metacognitive, cognitive, and socioaffective strategies, which are very important to the study because each has a various function in teaching listening methods. Next, he spots a evolution view of listening skills. In this section he focuses on compose of the beginning, intermediate, and advanced-level student in listening good strategies which can be nonintegrated for teaching in each class. Moreover he sets the goals for them Bottom-up and top-down processing, Goals and exercise types, and beginning, Intermediate, advanced-level learners which can make teachers easy to teach them successfully. All these strategies are valuable to the study, for they are classified distinguishablely. I hope that these will not only help me teach my students in the class but also be helpful to my MA research program.9. Hadfiekd, Jill Charles. (2008). introduction to teaching English. Portugal Oxford UniversityPress.In this book, Jill and Charles show the explanation to the stages of a listening lesson set up as follows First he talks about before a listening Lead-in method engages learners interest, introduce the topic and context, activate learners background knowledge, help the learners to predict what the speakers might say, and introduce some key words and look also, Language focus introduces some key vocabulary, and other words. Second it is about during a listening lesson that is, Tasks show that you should aim to repeat the listening several times with a series of listening tasks. Finally it is about later a listening lesson i.e. Language focus concentrates on some of the language in the text, such as new vocabulary, and Transfer uses the listening and the language work as t he basis for work in a different skill. These strategies are really practical to the study. Even though they are not the perfect ones, they show off good advantages to teachers in order to implement these techniques in the classroom successfully. Also they will be useful to me because I become a teacher of English and I have to use these as my teaching tools.10. Fernandez-Toro, M. (2005). The role of paired Listening in L2 listening instruction. Language Learning Journal, 31, 3-8.Maria, in this journal article, mentions much of the difficulty related to the fact that listening processes cannot be easily observed and shown because they all handle place inside t he listeners mind. She, however, indicates that paired listening offers a number of potential benefits, both as a diagnostic tool and as a valid learning exercise in itself. Moreover, this research is also profitable for the study, for the writer shows not only the problem to the skills but also the good methods applied to d eal with its issues. Thus, this article is really useful to my research because I can use these strategies to operationalize all good points in my own study.

Earthing System Lightning

commonwealthing System Lightning1.1Int retinal roduction Earthing clay electrodes ar used to steal mellowed gear currents to the solid ground. in that respectfore a proper design of an foundation system is required to dissipate proud currents magnitude to the terra firma safely unheeding the find transformation fictional character. Lightning and opposite surges subject the electrical male monarch system to high magnitude and spry rise-time cursory currents and voltages requires dissipation to demesne in controlled methods. In order to minimise damage to the electrical equipments and galosh measures see to be taken to protect the human beings. On high voltage transmitting and distribution systems, lightning tallyimonial and insulation co-ordination schemes atomic number 18 employed to protect power system equipment from damage. The main factor that determines the metier of these schemes is the soil resistivity properties of the earth.In this thesis, the perf ormance of waver turbine hide systems subjected to power absolute frequency and impulses is investigated by conside large number two their high frequency and transient behaviour.1.2 Earthing System FunctionsEarthing systems are intentional primarily for power frequency earth fault conditions. However, real plant within substations such as surge arresters will add a path to earth for transient currents and in such baptismal fonts the specimens cheer the inst all(prenominal)ation of a high frequency earth electrode, usually an earth rod 1.1. High frequency earth electrode means that the earth rod is to dissipate to earth all the high frequency components of the transient. In practice, all the parts of the earthing system are interconnected and whitethorn put-on a role in the dissipation of both power frequency faults and surges. In the case of enlace turbine in that respect will earthing frontier system especially intentional for lightning protection..1.3 Components of earthing systems Generally, substation earthing grids consist of a system of conductors buried in the ground occupying an area related to the dimensions of the substation. supererogatory components may accept the metallic sheaths of cables and earth wires of hulk lines and their associated tower footings. These lengthy earth systems emanate from the substation and are bonded solidly to the earth grid. The performance of these components is unvoiced to predict because soil has a non-homogeneous resistivity ranging from 10 to 10,000 m 1.2.1.4 swipe turbine earthing systemIEC 61400-24 IEC technical Report of wind turbine generation lightning protection 1.3 states that each turbine must be equipped with its own earth stopping point system, even if it connected to a general wind farm earthing system. The report 1.3 exposit the basic destinys for lightning protection of the windfarm. Earthing systems should be designed in accordance with ICE 61024-1 monetary prototype of lighti ng protection of complex body parts 1.4. This metre recommends two types of earth electrode systems for wind turbines and are referred to as Type A and Type B constitutions.1.4.1Type A arrangement This type employs of horizontal or perpendicular electrodes connected to each down conductor in the case of wind turbine the down conductor would be the wind turbine tower.1.4.2Type B arrangement This type uses a ring earth electrode external to the structure soil. A wind turbine normally uses the Type B arrangement with a ring earth electrode placed well-nigh the foundation reinforced 1.3 as gutter be seen in Figure 1. in the standard the ring earth requires to be in contact with the soil for at least 80% of its total length of a foundation earth electrode. The ring electrode should be buried to a depth of at least 0.5m. However, Additional good and horizontal earth electrodes may be used in compounding with the ring electrode. The radius of the ring electrode will wherefore norm ally be defined by the radius of the turbine foundation and extra conductors may have to be installed as stated below.Figure 1. Typical wind turbine earthing arrangement Foundation reinforced bar normally bonded to lightning protection earth Top viewWind turbine tower 2m vertical electrodesTransformerIf the recommended 10W resistance by 1.4 is not achieved then an additional horizontal or f vertical electrodes may be used in combination with the ring electrode.Also, in the standard it states that no more than 50m of the horizontal electrode toilet be given everyplace to the wind turbine, may be a low resistance time cling to achieved, but could have high transient impedance due to high series impedance of the conductor.1.5 Soil resistivityConduction properties of soil are important, peculiar(a)ly its specific resistivity. The soil resistivity is one of the main factors ascertain the resistance of any earth electrode. Most soils and rocks are scurvy conductors of electrical e nergy when dry. The exceptions to this are certain mineral bodies. However when soils contain water, the resistivity drops, and they may then be considered as moderate conductors, although they are very poor when compared with metals. For example, pure copper resistivity is 1.6cm whilst a quite normal value for soil would be 10,000 cm. The resistivity is determined by the following factorsa) type of soil b) chemical composition of the soil c) concentration of salts dissolved in pore water d) overall moisture content e) temperature f) grain size and the distribution of grain size 1.2.1.6Tolerable voltage During a ground fault on a transmission line, a number of towers near the fault are likely to acquire high strength difference. Potential gradients are alike set up in the ground surface and these may bear a hazard to humans and gunstock. These hazard voltages are generally referred to as signature tune and step potentials, which are defined 1.5 as followsa) The touch potentia l is the difference between the earth potential rise (EPR) and the surface potential at the point where a person is standing, while at the resembling time having his hand in contact with a ground structure 1.5.b) The step potential is the difference in surface potential experience by a person bridging a distance of 1m with his feet without contacting any other grounding object 1.5.There are limits placed on the permissible EPR of an earthing system as stated in International telecommunication Union ITU-T 1.6. These limits are as follows.650 V for sites federal official from high reliableness lines where faults are rare and cleared quickly (200 ms maximum).430 V for sites fed from lines having standard protection.The limits of touch and step potentials are related to the current that gutter be withstood by a human body before in that respect is a serious risk of fatality 1.5, 1.7. A magnitude in the order of 50mA is sufficient to cause ventricular fibrillation, which will normall y will in death 1.8-1.9.1.7 alkaliard Lightning Impulse The lightning impulse is characterised by three parameters, the hint current magnitude, the time to peak current and time to fractional peak current which is the time required for the current impulse to descent to half of its peak magnitude. However, standard lightning impulse shapes are generally described by the peak current or voltage and the time to the peak T1 and the time to the half peak T2 and usually compose as T1/T2 in microseconds defined as the rise-time. e.g. a 10kA, 5/20ms.Figure 1.2 Lightning ImpulseLightning impulses are usually described by their peak current (or voltage) and by T1 and T2 written as T1/T2 in microseconds. e.g. a 10kA, 5/20ms impulse.1.7 Standards Applicable to Earthing Systems There are UK and international standards provide get outlines to different earthing systems configurations design. These standards are bear on with power frequency earthing systems design and give limited pleade r when earthing system subjected to transient conditions. These standards areEngineering Association skilful specification 41-24 (EA TS 41-24), Guidelines for the Design, Testing and Maintenance of Main Earthing Systems in Substations (UK) 1.1. This standard recognises that equipment such as surge arresters and CVTs are more likely to materialize high frequency current due to the low impedance they demonstrate to steep fronted surges. This standard suggests that unless a low impedance earth inter-group communication is provided, the effectiveness of a surge arrester may be compromised. It is therefore recommended that the connection from the equipment to earth should be as brief, and as free from changes in direction, as is practicable. Another guideline in the same standard states that the effectiveness of a surge arrester can be improved by placing a high frequency earth electrode in its immediate vicinity. The standard does not specify any quantitative limits such as over a ll earthing impedance limit.ANSI/IEEE standard 80 1.5 Guide for safety in AC substation grounding widely used through and throughout the world. This standard does not provide detailed guidance for designing for earthing systems subjected to transient conditions. However, it considers that an earthing system that is designed to be safe for power frequency faults should also be safe for transient faults. This is based on the hypothesis that the human body can withstand higher currents for very sententious duration. It also considers the safety issues and defines the touch and step potential and provides equation which can be calculated.CENLEC HD 637 SI, Power Installation Exceeding 1kV ac or 1.5kV dc 1.10. The standard provides measures to reduce the amount of interference created when surges are dissipated to earth. These measures include reducing the inductance of the current path by significantly booked the earthing system. Moreover, the connection to the earthing system should be as short as possible. BS 6651 3 Protection of structures against lightning the standard recommends that the earthing system designed for lightning protection should have an earth resistance of less than 10W. The same requirement appears in BS 61400-242002 Wind turbine generator system __ Lightning protection with nearly details regarding earthing system arrangements as mentioned previously.1.9 Aims of the researchWind turbines take the largest growing electrical energy in the world.Wind farms, however, have particular requirements for earthing compared with conventional electrical installations. They are often very extensive, reach over several kilometres and subject to frequent lightning strikes due to the height of the structures and their localisation principle on high rocky terrain with associated high earth resistivity. Consequence of these developments, there is an increase in fault current associated with windfarms and an increase in the probability of a lightning str ike a wind turbine. Therefore, the protection of human beings and livestock becomes more important due to the trend towards large scale high capacity wind farms.The aims and the objectives of this work therefore can be summarised by the followingTo review the methods that representing the wind turbine earthing system and their limitations To develop types that piddle more accurate results.To use computer simulation to overcome problems in modelling of the wind turbines earthing systemTo remove out computer simulations in order to investigate the importance of the wind turbine steel tower in modelling of wind turbine earthing system.Design mitigation techniques for fast surge injections.To carry out soil resistivity using a 2-D technique in order to obtain a soil model to be used for Wind Turbine earthing simulations.To carry out dc, ac and impulse measurement of resistance/ impedance of an isolated wind turbine.To carry out dc, ac and impulse measurement of resistance/ impedance of the wind farm interconnected at the location of wind turbine used in point above.To carry out measurement of safety voltages (step and touch voltages) around an isolated wind turbine.To carry out measurement of safety voltages (step and touch voltages) around the same wind turbine when its earthing system is bonded / connected to the wind farm earthing network.To obtain details of the design and construction of the test wind turbine (s) for CDEGS simulation purposes.To draw conclusions and suggest recommendations for a better idea of Wind farm earthing systems and related safety precautions.1.10 References1.1 Technical Specification 41-24, Guidelines for the Design, Testing andMaintenance of Main Earthing Systems in Substations, ElectricityAssociation, 1992.1.2 Tagg, G. F. Earth Resistance. Gorge Newnes Limited. (London), 1964.1.3 IEC Technical Report, Wind Turbine Generation System -24 Lightning Protection, TR61400-24, 2002.1.4 IEC International Stand Protection of Strictures against Lightning IEC61024-1998.1.5 IEEE guide for safety in AC substation grounding, ANS/IEEE standard 80, 2000.1.6 ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union) Calculating Induced Voltage and Currents in Practical Cases. rule book II, 1999 1.7 International Electrotechnical Commission IEC Report 479-1 Effects of current passing through the human body, IEC, 1984.1.8 Electricity Association Engineering Recommendation S.34 A guide for assessing the rise of earth potential at substation sites. Engineering Management Conference, whitethorn 1986.1.9 IEEE IEEE Std 81.2-1991, IEEE Guide for measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended of Interconnected cornerstone Systems, The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, New York, 1991.1.10 HD 637S1, Power Installations Exceeding 1kV AC, European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation (CENELEC) 1999.1.11 BS 6651, Code of Practice for Protection of Structures Against Lightning,British Standards Ins titution, 1992.

Transformative Pedagogy and Learning

Transformative training and skillOne of the most exciting changes that gull occurred in bringing up during the past decade has been the increase in fellowship in the aras of instinct research and cognitive science. This research has produced a wealth of knowledge close to how the brain functions and the kinds of conditions under which it learns most effectively. This new knowledge has signifi lowlifet implications for educational activity and course of instruction, and also for how schools be organized because the reality is that the kinds of conditions that atomic number 18 needed to march on reading ar non seen inmost schools. Increased knowledge slightly new research related to training and curriculum is vital to reservation decisions virtu entirelyy new strategies or innovations.The term precept is defined as the art and science of being a teacher, refers not only to strategies or styles of instruction save also to the facilitation and management of sustaina ble transformations, whether individual, friendly, structural or institutional. The transformative dimension of pedagogy deserves to be clarified, revisited and eventually changed the responsibility of educators to transcend the tralatitious role and expand the scope of the work towards an active participation to knowledge enrichment.What is Transformative Pedagogy?A transformative pedagogy is based both on a realistic view of contemporary and on possible paths to improvement in our human life. Knowledge is a social concept and it emphasiss the value of bigeminal perspectives in the teaching/ reading experience. It is well kn take in learners construct their stimulate knowledge, based on their interaction with the environment. It is within the constructivist perspective that we find insights about transformative pedagogy. It is in this environment that the critical questioning can lead to deeper self-reflection as students absorb with knowledge and perspectives that differ from their own. The action of transformative pedagogy opens the door for the maturement of problem-solving skills that promote active responses within the larger confederacy, making transformative pedagogy off the beaten track(predicate) more than the transmission of education.It also expands the view of students and teachers alike, leading to greater self-awareness, deeper gentleness for others and a commitment to produce change in self and the world.Teachers should be enfranchised to take meaning from what their pupils bring with them into the classroom. Childrens cultural exchanges with other children are important and dominant in the negotiations of interests between home, school and peer group, bow day system of teaching and cultivationIn todays educational scenario the curriculum is classified and framed. Teachers devour little opportunity to introduce new ideas. Teachers dont have autonomy in curriculum matters. Schools still use printed and linear pedagogy that was develo ped in the past. Teachers tend to use new technologies which can be adapted to their old styles of teaching following the syllabus guidelines. Young mountain learn more by peer group interaction than plight with adults. In the process of encyclopedism evaluation is d maven by conducting tests. It is believed that all human beings are alike. Every learner was assigned same lesson. precept was teacher centered and the curriculum focused on subject matter. The information was organized in sequenced topics and units and the teacher delivered and students have to master them. The intended military issue is to pass the test by memorizing and mastering the transmitted information.Advantages of Transformative PedagogyTransformative pedagogy places the student at the center of learning.It help learners find their own informal voice and government agency, therefore they feel em major powered to effect social change.Teachers have to respect and will have compassions for co-learners.All w ays of knowing are interconnected and enriched by each other.The desired outcome is to change- to transfer learning into social action outside the classroom.Transformative pedagogy is closer to collaborative approach.The power is more likely to be shared between students and teachers.The curriculum focuses on problems and solutions by both teachers and students and they jointly construct meaning that informs learners personal growth.Learning is measured by observing each students growth and thinking process, inquiry process, and students predisposition to lifelong learning.Transformative learning involves experiencing a deep, structural shift in the basic premise of thought, feeling, and actions. It is a shift of consciousness that dramatically and for good alters our way of being in the world. Such a shift involves our brain of ourselves and our self-locations our relationships with other humans and with the natural world our understanding of relations of power in interlocking s tructures of class, race, and gender our body-awareness our visions of alternative approaches to living and our sense of the possibilities for social justice and peace and personal joy Edmund V. OSullivan (2002)Process of Transformative LearningThe process of transformative learning involves four vital concepts known as experiencing, conceptualising, analysing, and applying. Experiencing understands in our own ways the interests, perspectives and expressions that learners form in their mind. Conceptualising is drawing and calling something with distinctions of similarity and end with interpretative framework. Analysing is a process of reasoning, drawing inferential and deductive conclusions, establishing serviceable relations. It also involves evaluation of your own and other peoples perspectives, interests and motives. Applying is the application of knowledge and understandings to the interlocking diversity of real world situations and testing their validity.The technology has the potential to ginger up all of us to transform the way we live, the way we teach, and the way we learn. It is a radical transformation in educational practice, especially who learns from whom, where, under what circumstances, and for what and whose purpose. then the notion of a transformative pedagogy in the environment of ubiquitous learning (Cope Kalantzis, 2008) is not to start from the side of the teacher, but from the side of the student. Internet resources can uniquely facilitate advocacy by helping students obtain requisite information, promoting communication, and enabling coordination with others who have similar concerns.ConclusionThe importance of preparing teachers for transformative learning cannot be emphasized enough. If the persistent achievement, learning, and community gaps ((Lee, 2005) are to be closed, and if we are to nourish a multicultural democracy, we need teachers who possess the habits and minds of transformative practice. To facilitate successful learning in multicultural education courses, professors must be proactive and claim in pedagogies that are empowering, humanizing, and liberating yet engaging enough to foster purposeful knowledge construction and yet critical enough to challenge students worldly-minded and myopic beliefs and values.We have to study, think, and dialogue about the future of our schools in a time when global knowledge, information technology and the constancy of change are altering the environment of learning. When students make the transition from the classroom into the work force, they are by and large, simply not equipped to handle the challenges they race. They have not acquired the real world skills they need to thrive not just inhabit in todays laser fast, high-tech globally competitive environment but to help face a future that is more volatile, competitive and Byzantine than ever before. Learning is a community endeavor. The corner stone of a prosperous nation is its intellectual capita l. Its true wealth is the treasure of the incarnate minds of its populace. Creating an ideal, true learning society is the real challenge for the future schools. The future schools will be a workplace for creative, innovative and productive learning for children to make them live with more confident and to be useful to the society and community and to a large extent to b the good citizen of a nation. The main challenge for tomorrows schools is creating a knowledgeable creative society. Transformative pedagogy is one of the important concepts of learning every pedagogue should know for transforming children of today.P. Vijayachandran

MUDs: An Adventure in Cyberspace :: Internet Computer Essays

Hi, my institute is Jamal. Im a t every(prenominal), gorgeous black military personnel with a bod made for sin. Talk to meHi, Im India, an exotic prostitute with a fondness for short, Norwegian men.Harry here . . . Im handsome and shy, and looking for love. . .My name is Sophie, and my job as a songwriter has led me to the great urban center of Miami.Hello, Im Lila. I am a 24-year old Jazz singer with a preference for foreign men. If you qualify, definitely say hi.The people you see supra are very interesting individuals, all unique and distinctive. At starting line glance, there seems to be no common thread that connects them, except for the item that they appear to be seeking some sort of interaction. No, these are non entries in a Personals Column or members of a support sort for the love-lost. All of them do, however, share a very important characteristic. They are all facets of the same person they are all descriptions of me. No, I am not schizophrenic or insane I am simpl y whiz of the many that has found entertainment exploring a manure-- an acronym that stands for Multiple User theater of operations or Multi User Dungeon. Before this assignment, I had no idea that MUD was something other than dirt mixed with water or that the earthly concern that existed online was so immense and so popular. In fact, MUDding has become one of the virtually sought after forms of interactive entertainment in the world, engaging tens of thousands of players (Leslie 28). The world of MUDding seems like a relatively new concept, but the truth is that MUDs endure been approximately for years. Invented at the University of Essex in England in 1979, MUDs served as a computerized demeanor to play Dungeons and Dragons, a popular and addictive role-playing peppy that mesmerized thousands (Rigdon R16). charm the undisputed thrill of participating in such a game was the ability to reshape identity, other attracting factors were the relationships that a player could d evelop with partner characters. Today, both adventure-type MUDs and sociable MUDs work in the much same modal value that Dungeons and Dragons did 20 years ago--players take on an identity and enter a fantasy world, only now they can communicate with people from around the globe. This type of role-playing sounds like simple fun, but the underlying issues and complex social situations that materialize are more than just childs play.

Postmodern Poetry - Confessional Poets Essay -- essays research papers

Postmodern Poetry - Confessional Poets      With World War II finally over and a chapter in history written, the next chapter is about to begin. The ordinal carbon brings with it a new literary movement called smearmodern, where poem is " fracture from modernism" and taking on a whole new look Within postmodern metrical composition emerge confessional poets whom remove the mask that has cloak poetry from previous generations and their writings become autobiographical in temper detailing their lifes most intense personal companionships, therefore becoming the cin one casentre of their work.      Considered to be the "mainstream of postmodern poetry" confessional poetry did not hit its broadside until the late twentieth century. Confessional poetry is in direct contrast to the poetry of William Butler Yeats. Yeats poetry, Romantic in nature, depended on symbols and images to convey his themes. Confessional poetry is v ery(prenominal) direct and conveys the inner most feelings of the post modern poets. The twentieth century brought forth many confessional and post confessional poets who appeared to be embarking on unmarked territory. Confessional poets Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath, Theodore Roehtke and post confessional poet Adreinne spicy all dealt with taboo subjects. Their life held an intensity of personal experience that became the focus of their work. Confessional poetry does not simply touch upon emotion. Confessional poetry allows emotion or looks at emotion through an examining eye rather to conduct poems, permeating each poem with an air of necessity, the necessity of conveying and aiming to construe emotion through confession.      Postmodern poet, Robert Lowells poetry really captures the true mall of confessional poetry by sharing his consume raw emotions with the reader. The mask that once was placed upon the influence of the symbolist, Eliot and Pound, Lowel l removes. The speaker of his poems is unequivocally himself. Lowell does not spare himself in his poetry. In his poem "Man and Wife" he deals directly with his own marriage. The reader gets grotesque glimpses into his marital life. He begins "Tamed by Miltown, we harp on mothers bed." And later tells how "All night I have held your hand,/ as if you had/ a fourth cartridge holder faced the kingdom of the mad-/ its hackney... ...bspThe thing itself and not the myth.Diving deep into the inner most recesses of her self, exploring the wreck of her own life, Rich feels compelled to map the geography of her self. Rich declares in a forward to her poems "with the chastening of patriarchal politics" and "to be a woman at this time"     is to know extraordinary forms of     anger, joy, and impatience, love and hope. Poetry,     words on paper, are incumbent but not enough       we need to touch the living who portion our     determination that the sexual myths underlying     the human condition can and shall be changed.Richs work is personal, intimate and confessional.Confessional and post confessional poets clearly chose to write about subjects that were taboo. That took their one-on-one lives and deep inner thoughts and made them public. Confessional poets took the baton from the moderns such as Yeats and Eliot and took poetry to another whole level. They opened up their heart, mind and feelings to a golf-club that was able to relate.

The Political Impact on Humans Essay -- History government Historical

The policy-making Impact on HumansHumans and Nature It is a turn out fact that individuals need an organization of a political relation. Without order, no i would shaft how to act and how to behave. There are two different types of people one(a) group takes control of a conveyn situation while the new(prenominal) lets the power be taken away from them. Without any setup of a government, a few people would be making the choices for many and non let everyone be represented in their government. These setups of government include a republic, communistic, fascist, and socialistic. Each of these examples has a rally government but the power of the central government distinguishes the differences between them. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels both thought about their current government and how they could create a form of government that would surpass their existing one. The manifesto of the Communist Party politically influenced the Marxist society, other societies of his time, and our modern sidereal day society. Marx and Engels were both reform thinkers and philosophers. They motivationed to bring about a extreme change they saw the proletariat working for the bourgeoisie, the capitalists. Marx and Engels did not like the stinting gap between the two course of studyes the richer were getting richer, while the working class remained poor. As humans, there is a want to make more capital and live more lavishly. Most people get jealous and want to drive the nicest car, live in the largest house, wear the designer clothing, eat at fancy restaurants, and work at the most respectable job. Who wants to live in a shack, eat meagerly, and wear tattered clothing? No one does, it is human behavior that makes us jealous of what we do not have. ... ...ot differentiate with Russia or China. As a result, the world has proven that capitalism outperforms communism. The linked States leads the world in technology, wealth, and k nowledge and without capitalism our country would be throe economically. It is important to allow individuals control their own financial means and to give them enough freedom to live out their lives. http//eserver.org/marx/http//marxists.org/indexhttp//www.marxist.com Notes 1. Michael Lowry, Globalization and internationalism How up-to-date is the communist manifesto, Monthly Review, 50 (1998) 6. 2. Attack on capitalism, Canada & the domain of a function Backgrounder, October 1999, 19. 3. Antonio Gilman, The Communist manifesto, 150 years later, Antiquity 72 (1998) 278. 4. Mark Skousen, Whats left of Marxism?, The Freeman, 48 (1998) 8.

Globalization Essays -- Business International Globalization

Globalization is necessary in the world. unlike theories on the concept of world(a)ization provide distinct reasons on the train for globalization. The worlds advancements and technology help drive the need for globalization. Communities and organizations similar are affected by globalization, and smaller countries benefit from the generosity of bigger participants in the worlds market. Globalization, in the business sense, is to make a product or service available in the global market. either investment that is across national borders is also part of globalization. Many companies in the United States (US) have taken their product, service, or investment opportunities to other countries. This affects the global preservation. Just as the economy of the US affects many Ameri advises, the global economy affects the citizens of the world. As any company that does affects the global economy, positive or banish affects may be realized. Many varied theories support the concept of glo balization. Tariffs are levied on a country-to-country basis. Tariffs are duties, also known as taxes, which each country puts on the imports and exports of that country. The government of the country in question takings a tariff. The World Trade Organization (WTO) oversees all countries. Absolute utility supports the concept of globalization, because this concept ensures that one country can produce a product better and more efficient than a nonher country. By merchandise or exporting this product or good, the countries that use this product can easily trade other products or goods. This helps countries produce the things to make them more efficient. Comparative advantage happens when the opportunity cost of producing goods differs from country to country, all... ...upport the reasoning behind the need globalization. Many countries benefit from the use of products and services from other countries. In turn, the countries all benefit from each other. The markets leave behind dictate what the driving forces are, still for now, the largest driving force in the worlds economy instantly is technology. The effects of globalization can be seen in many different organizations and even communities across the US. Regional trading blocs help countries that would normally not be a participant in the world market. Globalization is will only make this worlds economy stronger. ReferencesBlundel, R., & Thatcher, M. (2014). Contrasting topical anesthetic Responses to Globalization The Case of Volume Yacht Manufacturing in Europe. Web. 18 may 2015.Hill, C. (2008). International Business Competing in the Global Marketplace (7th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill.

Evolution of British Policy in the Colonies: 1750 to 1776 Essay

Evolution of British Policy in the Colonies 1750 to 1776The transaction between England and the British uniting American colonies could ever be considered precarious. previous to 1750 British essentially followed a policy of friendly neglect and governmental autonomy in the American colonies. (Davidson p.97) The colonies were for the most part content with benign neglect policy, relishing in a greater equality and phonation government(Davidson p.95) within the colonies. Competition among European Imperial nations began to effect British policy toward North America colonies causing rapid shifts from 1750 to 1776. During this period, the British conglomerate made a series of policy decision that sealed the lot of the British North American colonies and lead to the American Revolution. In 1745, the French, Spanish and British Empires began competing over international trade nedeucerks and natural resources. Subsequently, each empire began maneuvers to maintain and expand po ssession of their territory in North America. In 1750, England and France each concluded that Ohio coun accent the land west of the Appalachians was vital to their interests. (Davidson p.102) This participation of over Ohio country led the British and the French into the Seven eld War. In the early years of the Seven Years war, the British struggled, suffering a significant defeat at Fort Duquesne and surrendering at Fort Necessity. (Davidson p.102-3) Their defeats were largely due to incompetent lead and the Britishs policy decisions. For example, public Braddock alienated the Native Indians, which then aligned with and fought with the French. The North American colonial troops despised commanding officer General Campbell, the Earl of Loudon. Many men we... ...ed Independence thus entering the America revolution. The British polices and leaders continually undermined the citizens of the colonies. It was the British elitist views that continually caused poor policy and le adership decisions. Instead of using a diplomatic approach Britain continued to try to assert dominance over the colonies. These same issues and arrogant attitudes would eventually live them the war. In the end the battle was not over British policy, it was a battle between a monarchy and a democracy. It was not possible for the two sides to reconciled differing political ideologies. The British were nave in thinking they could come up America like a monarch. After all most British Americans left mother England in search of a better life, umteen in search of liberties not granted at home. Maybe it was always Americas destiny to be independent.

Jim Jarmusch’s Unique Western Film, Deadman :: Movie Film Essays

Jim Jarmuschs remarkable Western Film, DeadmanIn Jim Jarmuschs Dead Man, he pays homage to the incorrupt style of western films while taking his own eccentric arrive at that puts the film in a league of its own. With a combination of elements associate to the western genre and a genre Jarmusch creates all on his own, the knockout can begin to explore and appreciate the unique film, Dead Man.Although the scenery of isolated townships, mystic rivers, and endless forests is consistent with the western genre, the philosophical feel of the movie is non. The philosophy of a straight western film deliberates a character fighting with guns to maintain esteem (and of course order and justice). He kills because he has to and that is the end of it. In Dead Man, William Blake appears to be doing the same thing. He begins to use his gun for survival, but it is different. The gun actually stands for something in the film. Blake becomes a poet by the use of his gun, which mirrors the l egendary American poet whose name he shares. The guns launch how disgusting it is in American society to kill and Jarmusch doesnt glamorise it in the focussing that Hollywood blockbusters about violence do. Further exploring the similarities on the surface, a true western everlastingly has the same type of characters and props. Blake is shown in the same outfit throughout the film much like the unmatchable outfit that a westerner wears. Blake encounters a prostitute in the town who is not opposed to the usage of guns, which also goes along with a whores values in a true western film. The town of Machine is desolate, dirty, and ruled by guns. In western movies there is always a dirty town with the same characteristics. All of those similarities are not used in the same way, however they are used as tools to give this surface western a deeper meaning that no true western film ever explored. The themes are pessimistic as they deal with death and afterlife, rather than hope and reb irth. The killings in the movie mock the way people are killed in westerns. Blake doesnt kill to protect his honor he kills to survive and in turn mocks the system. Another thing that Jarmusch is plaguey by using the western genre as a average is the treatment of Native Americans. Nobody talks about how he was rejected by whites, and then rejected by his own people by growing up in the white society.

My Play about an Old Persons Home :: Drama

Old Persons home, in this task I will be try to show how explorativestrategies atomic number 18 used in a piece of drama. This includes still image,narration, role-play, cross cutting and marking the moment.5th July 1979Strange, that it is a Monday I fetch decided to start a diary. I havealways had trouble larnting up on Mon eld dreading the day ahead. Ialways lossed just five minutes more afterward that damned alarm. Ofcourse where I am now they never allow me lie in. With their foolishregulations, I could teach them a thing or two about regulations.Its unbeknownst to me why Im here, I shouldnt puzzle everywhere it anylonger it would boil my brain.11th JulyAfter many days and nights in this establishment I finally saw someoneelse, identical myself is unexplained to as why we are here. Peter, I considerhe is a little loony haha, he believes we are here because we are athreat to the government, says he knows things that if the Russiansgot we wouldnt be here for long. Aha I th ink hes had too many dosesof their magic medicine. Course I dont trust that semiliquid anythingthat looks wish all the colours of the spectrum cannot be good foryou.18th July right away I managed to speak to Peter for a few minutes he wasnt makingsense today and was belted in to his wheelchair almost like arestraint which is queer for a one legged man. He was public lecture aboutChurchill and Hitler and WW two, I couldnt hear any full sentences,and he trailed off when that trunch-bull of a nurse came to take himback to his room. He did get me thinking about my experiences in thewar. A chill runs down my keystone every time I think about that time atWolf Castle. The village around it still is a ghost townspeople as far as Imconcerned and I do not wish to think about it anymore. Till the day Idie. beginning(a) AugustIt seems me and peter almost served together at Wolf Castle. He wouldhave reached it and we would have met forty years ago if it wasnt forthat minefield. Thats how he at sea his leg you see althoughunfortunately he does know about the atrocities that happened there. least(prenominal) he didnt see them first hand.3rd AugustPeter was talking about Castle again. I tried to explain to him Ididnt want to hear but you know peter always babbling on about pasttimes. He knew my Captain.This room is far too tweed for my old eyes all I can see is white, I

Donato D’Angelo Bramante Essay -- Biography

Donato DAngelo Bramante was born in 1444 and died in 1514. Bramante was an Architect who introduced the laid-back rebirth style in computer architecture (brit). The Renaissance style little by little replaced the Gothic style of the late nerve center Ages. It encouraged a revival of inwroughtism, seen in Italian 15th-century painting and sculpture, and of uncorrupted forms and ornament in architecture, such as the column and round arch, the burrow vault, and the dome (Western Architecture, 2011). Bramante was first apt as a painter in advance undertaking architecture and is credit with being the well-nigh renowned architects of his cadence (garners). Bramante was strongly influenced by Flilippo Brunelleschi, Leon Battista Alberti, and perchance Leonardo (garners). His too soon works in Milan included the rectory of SantAmbrogio and the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie. In Rome, Bramante served as headway planner of Pope Julius IIs comprehensive project for constr uct the city (brit). Bramantes architecture on the Tempietto, New Saint Peters, Santa Maria della Pace, and the Cortile del dittany discretely shows the aesthetics associated with the spunky Renaissance. During the cartridge clip of Bramante the type of trickwork most prominent was based on manistic values, which were based on antiquated roman models (garn). High Renaissance art originated in Florence in the early 15th century and then spread throughout most of the Italian peninsula by the end of the sixteenth century the new style pervaded nigh all of Europe, gradually permutation the Gothic style of the late oculus Ages (brit). The Tempietto is an example of the style that Bramante etched with. The Tempietto is located on Janiculum hill lose the Vatican in Rome (garner). The Tempietto is named that be... ...c art had mostly to do with religion, while humanitarianism deals with the humanistic part of our lives. aft(prenominal) the Black Death many muckle lost their faith, because people could non believe that god would punish them equivalent that. The Renaissance was a time period where the lives of Europeans focused on the natural world, and individuals and humanities worldly introduction (Kleiner,2010). The Black Death, as horrible of a disease it helped set the full stop for art and science to flourish. Renaissance itself kernel rebirth in Latin, which was a revived interest in Graeco-Roman cultures (Kleiner,2010). Humanism was more of a code of civil conduct, a possibleness of education, and a scholarly correction more than a philosophical system. Italian humanists were concerned chiefly with human values and interest as distinct from but not remote from religions otherworldly values (Kleiner, 2010). Donato DAngelo Bramante experiment -- BiographyDonato DAngelo Bramante was born in 1444 and died in 1514. Bramante was an Architect who introduced the High Renaissance style in architecture (brit). The Renaissance style gradually replaced the Gothic style of the late Middle Ages. It encouraged a revival of naturalism, seen in Italian 15th-century painting and sculpture, and of Classical forms and ornament in architecture, such as the column and round arch, the tunnel vault, and the dome (Western Architecture, 2011). Bramante was first trained as a painter before undertaking architecture and is credited with being the most renowned architects of his time (garners). Bramante was strongly influenced by Flilippo Brunelleschi, Leon Battista Alberti, and perhaps Leonardo (garners). His early works in Milan included the rectory of SantAmbrogio and the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie. In Rome, Bramante served as principal planner of Pope Julius IIs comprehensive project for rebuilding the city (brit). Bramantes architecture on the Tempietto, New Saint Peters, Santa Maria della Pace, and the Cortile del Belvedere distinctly shows the aesthetics associated with the High Renaissance. During the time of Bramante the type of artwork most prominent was based on humanistic values, which were based on ancient roman models (garn). High Renaissance art originated in Florence in the early 15th century and thence spread throughout most of the Italian peninsula by the end of the 16th century the new style pervaded almost all of Europe, gradually replacing the Gothic style of the late Middle Ages (brit). The Tempietto is an example of the style that Bramante sculpted with. The Tempietto is located on Janiculum hill overlooking the Vatican in Rome (garner). The Tempietto is named that be... ...c art had mostly to do with religion, while humanism deals with the humanistic part of our lives. After the Black Death many people lost their faith, because people could not believe that god would punish them like that. The Renaissance was a time period where the lives of Europeans focused on the natural world, and individuals and humanities worldly existence (Kleiner,2010). The Black Death, as ho rrible of a disease it helped set the stage for art and science to flourish. Renaissance itself means rebirth in Latin, which was a revived interest in classical cultures (Kleiner,2010). Humanism was more of a code of civil conduct, a theory of education, and a scholarly discipline more than a philosophical system. Italian humanists were concerned chiefly with human values and interest as distinct from but not opposed from religions otherworldly values (Kleiner, 2010).

Perils of Obedience :: essays research papers

identical to our step experiment, except that the teacher was told that he was free to select any reverse level of any on the trials. (The experimenter took pains to point out that the teacher could use the highest levels on the generator, the net, any in between, or any compounding of levels.) Each subject proceeded for thirty circumstantial trials. The learners confesss were co-ordinated to standard shock levels, his for the frontmost time grunt coming at 75 volts, his first vehement protest at 150 volts. The average shock used during the thirty critical trials was less than 60 volts -- lower than the point at which the victim showed the first signs of discomfort. Three of the forty subjects did not go beyond the very lowest level on the board, twenty-eight went no higher than 75 volts, and xxxviii did not go beyond the first loud protest at 150 volts. Two subjects provided the exception, administering up to 325 and 450 volts, but the overall result was that the neat maj ority of people delivered very low, usually painless, shocks when the choice was explicitly up to them. The condition of the experiment undermines another commonly offered explanation of the subjects behaviour -- that those who surprise the victim at the most severe levels came only from the sadistic periphery of society. If one considers that almost two-thirds of the participants fall into the category of "obedient" subjects, and that they represented commonplace people drawn from working, managerial, and professional classes, the argument becomes very shaky. Indeed, it is highly evocative of the issue that arose in connection with Hannah Arendts 1963 book, Eichmann in Jerusalem. Arendt contended that the prosecutions effort to depict Eichmann as a sadistic monster was fundamentally wrong, that he came closer to beingness an uninspired bureaucrat who simply sat at his desk and did his job. For asserting her views, Arendt became the target of considerable scorn, even c alumny. Somehow, it was felt that the monstrous deeds carried out by Eichmann required a brutal, twisted personality, evil incarnate. After witnessing hundreds of ordinary persons depict to the authority in our own experiments, I must conclude that Arendts conception of the banality of evil comes closer to the truth than one might hold imagine. The ordinary person who shocked the victim did so out of a sense of obligation -- an impression of his duties as a subject -- and not from any peculiarly aggressive tendencies.

An Analytical Essay on Excessive Pride in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart :: Things Fall Apart essays

Excessive Pride in Things Fall Apart     In Chinua Achebes invigorated Things Fall Apart, a well-known aphorism, reserve goes before a occur, was used. I agreed with and supported this statement. The story line itself backed up this statement as well. Through Okonkwos hard work he became a great human being with a sense of pride and haughtiness, who then suffered a loss of pride, which ultimately led to his down fall and his own suicide.   This bind went along with the commonly stated cliché. In addition to that, in that respect was a widely known joke that went well with this. One day there was an airplane pilot flying dick Clinton, Bill Gates, Bill (a kid), and wand g. Something went wrong with the plane, so it had to be aband unitaryd. The airplane pilot strapped on a parachute and said to them, there is only four parachutes but I am taking one. Bill Clinton grabbed the second one and said, I am the most important man and my country fates me so I am taking one too. Then, Bill Gates grabbed the third one and said, I am the smartest man in the world and my people need me. So, Bill (a kid) was just looking... at the fourth parachute and Billy Gram said to him, I am an old man and you are young, you turn in your whole life ahead of you, take the last parachute. Finally, Bill (a kid) looked up at him and said, I was not thinking about that, its just that the smartest man in the world took my backpack.   As you byword from the book and the joke, both Okonkwo, and Bill Gates were full of prejudice pride. They thought they were great men, and saw others as inferior to them and incapable of living substantially if they were not the backbone. Okonkwos pride grew immensely when he was an eighteen-year-old boy growing up in Umuofia. His engender, Unoka was a lazy and imprudent man so Okonkwo sought to be everything his father was not. He threw Amalinze the Cat, who was a wily craftsman, and great wrestler tha t was unbeaten for cardinal years from Umuofia to Mbaino. That victory made Okonkwo known past the nine villages.

John Webbs Guide to the Work of Shakespeare :: Plays Literature William Shakespeare Essays

John Webbs Guide to the go bad of ShakespeareThis page gives a simple introduction to each of Shakespeares plays, and points out a few of the ideas in each of them. All the plays are presented here, in figure chronological order the dates of the plays used on this page are from Blooms subterfuge of the Human. Shakespeares first 4 plays (Henry VI, split 1, 2 and 3, and Richard III) tell the story of a troubled chapter of English autobiography, around 150 years before Shakespreares ingest time, known as The War of The Roses. One the most important figures in the action was the Earl of Warwick, whose home, Warwick Castle, is very near Stratford. The complicated historical background to these plays, and Shakespeares former(a) historical plays, is describe on my page Historical Background. Henry VI, Parts 1, 2 and 31589-91 In Part 1, Henry VI becomes self-reliant while still a child. His title is not secure because his granddaddy had stolen t he heyday from Richard II. Part 2 shows the growing struggle and contention for the crown amongst Henrys nobles. Part 3 tells the story of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, the Kingmaker (shown right) who, first supporting the House of York impertinent to Henry, deposes Henry. Richard Neville then changes sides, and briefly resores the crown to Henry, before Henrys murder in the reign of London. Gives not the hawthorn bush a sweeter shadeTo shepherds looking on their sheepThan doth a rich embroidered canopyTo kings that fear their subjects treachery Henry VI was a pious and studious man. He can be described as a contemplative philosopher-king. The plays contrast his spiritual philosophy, with the worldly, materialistic and compulsive nobles beneath him. The contempative philosopher-king reappears in Shakespeares subsequent plays - as the exiled Dukes in As You want It and Measure for Measure, as Timon of Athens, and as Prospero.Shakespeare subsequently wrote several further invoice plays, in all telling the whole story of English history for the 250 years up to his own time.

Kurtzs Last Words Essay -- essays research papers

In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad presents the character of Kurtz as a man who is seen differently by all who know him depending on their various(prenominal) experiences with him. His cousin knew him as a man with great musical talent, others knew him as a great leader, and his Intended fiance knew him as an admirable improver but all of these knew him to be a remarkable genius. When the narrator, Marlow, first hears of him, he is told that Kurtz is known as a great leader destined to pee high positions and fame. However, as he travels the river, he also learns that Kurtz has become loony during his time in the African jungle. After Marlow in the end comes into contact with him, he discovers that Kurtz has become a god among the natives and has been brutally collecting the coveted ivory. Marlow in the end convinces the deathly ill man to return to the ship where he finally dies. Upon his death, Kurtzs facial expression causes Marlow to feel as though he may be seeing his ent ire life passing ripe before it ends and finally, he murmurs his final words The horror The horror (Conrad, p. 64).Although these final stage words seem full of meaning, they can be interpreted as being so vague that they are devoid of any particularized rationalization. In spite of this, they have several explanations, mainly relating to his life and the choices he made. As Kurtz succinctly verbalizes the terrible visions of ruthless power, of craven ter...

Fight Club Essay -- Movie Film

Fight participationStarring Brad Pitt, Edward Norton, capital of Montana Bonham-Carter, MeatloafDirector David FincherWriter Jim UhlsBased on Novel By Chuck PalahniukStudio Fox StudioRating R 18+Genre Action, ThrillerRunning Time 139 minutes approx.Filming Locations Los Angeles and California extra EffectsMany of the visual effects in Fight Club have been overshadowed by effect-based movies (LOTR, The Matrix) hardly upon closer examination I rig that they were perfect in their own right. They depicted a chaotic backbone of disengagement, not nevertheless from society but also from oneself. Two of the nigh technic exclusivelyy advanced shot were CGIs (computer generated enhancements) of knaves IKEA apartment. One was a tracking shot, entering through the door and circling his apartment before zooming to a macro shot of the back of his fridge, that apparently contained a gas give away that in turn led to the demise of his apartment. The other apartment-based shot was intimate ly comical, a shot circling through his apartment labelling his designer furniture and appliances, not unlike a magazine catalogue. Although not a breakthrough in the world of visual effects, when combined with the atmosphere of knuckleboness cynical, mundane voiceovers and smart as a whip cinematography it makes for an enchanting shot that gives a very true to vivification insight of the average material-bound American male.Cinematography cuckoo realises that Tyler was a institution of his own mind, in a feeble attempt to finally wanton himself from the restraints society places on him, a 360 pan circles him, getting more planetal and destabilised as it finally sinks in. Diversity is the key to Fight Clubs style of cinematography, in every aspect from the shot itself, to its point of view. From observing a security measure television monitor displaying Jack, coming to terms with his inner demon to Jack in a state of euphoria, were he is introduced to his role animal, a CG pe nguin that tells Jack simply to slide. In another standout sequence Tyler gives Jack a severe chemical burn, and in hope of dismissing his raging pain Jack begins to mediate, where he refers back to his power animal before being slapped in the face and told Stay with the pain, Im giving you the f*ing work through of your life and your drifting in Tibet. He attempts to meditate again, and the viewer is subjected to a breathtaking contrast ... ... misunderstood. This film is not only entertaining but it also raised public awareness. No doubt many people will buy into Tylers extremist point of view, if only for a short amount of time, but in this time they will guess what many people from all over the world feel constantly, an iron out to fight authority, an urge to be individual and stop following the mainstream. Tylers ideals may be summarised in one quote, You cannot truly be bare(a) until youve lost everything. This philosophy is perfect in theory you are ridding yourself of curtail material possessions and all other things that bind you into society. Unfortunantly life isnt all theory and when an individual does lose everything they feel anything but free. This film was a wake up call to me and hopefully to many others, not only about the over importance we place on material possessions and the power they have over us, but the restraints that society places on us as well.ConclusionA film worth seeing no issuing what the occasion, Fight Club has a serious philosophical meaning for the deeper audiences and could politic keep a person with the attention span of an ant entertained viewing after viewing.

contiential not drifting but raising :: essays research papers

A skull of 95 cardinal year old dinosaurs which unearthed from narmada river bed portion of India has raised hot debate among researchers.Because the dinosaurs fossils totally contradict with the theory of Continental drifting which proposed by German meteorologist Alfred Wagner.According to this theory before both hundred million years agone all the present day uncorrupteds were conjointly present and the super continent was called as pangaea.and consequently splited in two major continents called as northern laurasia and the siemensern gonduwana.the theory continue to explains...From the gonduwana south America, south africa, antartica, australia, india and Madagascar separated before 150 million year ago and India was splited and drifted northward crossing the equator 70 million year ago and then collided with the Asian continet.due to the collision the Himalayas was formed and the collision also caused earthquake.But found on the study of dinosaur?s skull paleontologist s ay the dinosaurs that unearthed from the Gurath region was appeared 95 million years ago. The Gujarat dinosaurs have close relation with the dinosaurs that lived in southwest America and Madagascar. How this species can reach India that evolved after the splitting of these continents.To solve this paradox today the supporters of Wagner explained that the splitting of gonduwana splited before 100 millions years ago or else of 150 million years ago.But this explanation was seriously questioned by a dinosaur?s species known as saropod.this saropod dinosaurs appeared just 65 million years ago. The saropod dinosaurs also lived in South America, and Madagascar. During this period the Indian continent splited from this continents and crossed the equator and existed as an island continent which surrounded by ocean. so obviously there is no way for the saropod dinosaurs to reach India.And supporters of Wagner also have no explanation for this question.But paleontologist said saropod dino saurs entered in to the India before 65 millions years ago. This proves that India has always attached with Asia as now. And also disproved the drifting continents story. If the continents were non drifting then what caused the earthquake?Whale fossils are discovered from simla pitcher region and Kutch region of gujaath.which indicate the continents are raising from under the ocean. And it is become clear the rising of continents from the earth surface caused the earth trembling. conclusion FOR CONTINENTS ARE RISING UPWARDPosted Date 26/05/2005 - occasion G.Ponmudi Trilobites is a shrimp like creatures which lived 540-560 millions years go under brine and for some unknown reason they become extinct.

A Room of One’s Own and Modern Fiction Essays -- Lectures Literature P

A style of Ones Own and moderne Fiction One of the first things to notice about A Room of Ones Own is that it is not a typical lecture. It rambles and flows defend and forth, in and out. It is more narrative than logic. It breaks many of the conventions of a formal address. wherefore does Virginia Woolf choose to do this? Why choose this style, this method? One source is to turn predominantly mascu border, or traditional, thinking on its head in order to undermine its authority. There is another reason for her approach, however bingle that rises from her around basic ideas about what literature and writing should be and do. Her ideas about what makes for good writing are contained in this text, if indirectly. Grasping these ideas allows the ref to rule how she is able to write so convincingly, particularly since there seems to be much(prenominal) a significant lack of argument involved. Where she does not tell the reader what she thinks, she shows them. But wherefore d oes she add an undergraduate in a boat, and why a river? She is doing more than simply trying to keep the reader fire with a few colorful descriptions. She is showing us what she values most about writing while at the same time slyly expressing her views on women and fiction.Woolf is a modernist, concerned with illuminating life through the intrinsic consciousness and its impressions. Her seemingly random details and descriptions, in fact, work unitedly to paint a picture, to leave a skillfully crafted impression upon the reader. She believes the better(p) door to the human mind and heart is through the subjective. She places us privileged the minds of others, where we, more often than not, find a little of ourselves. Eudora Welty writes, in her foreword to To the Lighthouse, The inte... ...onal narrator is scarcely able, scarcely bold enough, to drop a line of thought into these waters. Descriptions of dinners and the construction of buildings give the reader a feel of Wool fs picture of the world that no sermon, no argument, no plea, could. And it is through a taxi cab, holding a young man and a girl, and the big force of the river that the entire work seems to float down, that she captures life and convinces us that she is relation the truth. Works CitedWelty, Eudora. Introduction. To the Lighthouse. By Virginia Woolf. 1927. Orlando, FL Harcourt Brace and Co., 1981. vii-xii.Woolf, Virginia. A Room of Ones Own. The Longman Anthology of WomensLiterature. Ed. Mary K. DeShazer. New York Longman, 2000. 16-72.---. Modern Fiction. The Virginia Woolf Reader. Ed. Mitchell A. Leaska. New YorkHarcourt Brace and Co., 1985. 284-291.